Туризм, антропоцен и капиталоцен: состояние изученности проблемы
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24412/1995-042X-2021-4-67-80Ключевые слова:
туризм, антропоцен, капиталоцен, экологический кризис, капитализм, современное состояниеАннотация
С геологической точки зрения антропоцен – это текущая геологическая эпоха. В антропоцене, сменившем голоцен, ключевым элементом геологической среды выступает человечество, которое обрело силу, существенно изменившую в жизнь на планете. Тем не менее, некоторые ученые, изучающие историю окружающей среды, говорят о том, что наиболее подходящей для текущего этапа развития геосферы, является идея капиталоцена, поскольку современный экологический кризис является результатом капиталистической модели производства и потребления. В статьях, посвященных туристической тематике, все чаще поднимаются вопросы изменения климата и его влияния на туризм. Но при этом вопросы антропоцена и капиталоцена практически не изучены, при том, что туризм выступает видом экономической деятельности, и способствует умножению капитала. Статья освещает вопросы взаимосвязи таких феноменов, как антропоцен, капиталоцен и туризм. Изучение литературы показывает, что взаимосвязь между туризмом и антропоценом начала изучаться преимущественно после 2014 года, однако до сих пор такие исследования разрознены и узкоспециализированы. Идее капиталоцена уделяется гораздо меньше внимания, публикаций по данной теме крайне мало. Таким образом наблюдается разрыв между теоретическими исследованиями и практикой туризма, особенно когда речь идет о критическом взгляде на туристическую деятельность, которая играет важную роль в существующих экологических проблемах.
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